Simple Insert Select Edit Update and Delete in ASP.Net GridView control

Database and Connection String         

For this article as usual I have used my favorite NorthWind database which you can get by clicking on the link below.

Below is the connection string from the web.config

<connectionStrings>

      <add name="conString" connectionString="Data Source=.\SQLExpress;

      database=Northwind;Integrated Security=true"/>

connectionStrings>

The GridView

Below is the markup of the ASP.Net GridView control that I’ll be using to demonstrate the various features explained in this article.

<div id = "dvGrid" style ="padding:10px;width:550px">

<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">

<ContentTemplate>

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server"  Width = "550px"

AutoGenerateColumns = "false" Font-Names = "Arial"

Font-Size = "11pt" AlternatingRowStyle-BackColor = "#C2D69B" 

HeaderStyle-BackColor = "green" AllowPaging ="true"  ShowFooter = "true" 

OnPageIndexChanging = "OnPaging" onrowediting="EditCustomer"

onrowupdating="UpdateCustomer"  onrowcancelingedit="CancelEdit"

PageSize = "10" >

<Columns>

<asp:TemplateField ItemStyle-Width = "30px"  HeaderText = "CustomerID">

    <ItemTemplate>

        <asp:Label ID="lblCustomerID" runat="server"

        Text='<%# Eval("CustomerID")%>'>asp:Label>

    ItemTemplate>

    <FooterTemplate>

        <asp:TextBox ID="txtCustomerID" Width = "40px"

            MaxLength = "5" runat="server">asp:TextBox>

    FooterTemplate>

asp:TemplateField>

<asp:TemplateField ItemStyle-Width = "100px"  HeaderText = "Name">

    <ItemTemplate>

        <asp:Label ID="lblContactName" runat="server"

                Text='<%# Eval("ContactName")%>'>asp:Label>

    ItemTemplate>

    <EditItemTemplate>

        <asp:TextBox ID="txtContactName" runat="server"

            Text='<%# Eval("ContactName")%>'>asp:TextBox>

    EditItemTemplate> 

    <FooterTemplate>

        <asp:TextBox ID="txtContactName" runat="server">asp:TextBox>

    FooterTemplate>

asp:TemplateField>

<asp:TemplateField ItemStyle-Width = "150px"  HeaderText = "Company">

    <ItemTemplate>

        <asp:Label ID="lblCompany" runat="server"

            Text='<%# Eval("CompanyName")%>'>asp:Label>

    ItemTemplate>

    <EditItemTemplate>

        <asp:TextBox ID="txtCompany" runat="server"

            Text='<%# Eval("CompanyName")%>'>asp:TextBox>

    EditItemTemplate> 

    <FooterTemplate>

        <asp:TextBox ID="txtCompany" runat="server">asp:TextBox>

    FooterTemplate>

asp:TemplateField>

<asp:TemplateField>

    <ItemTemplate>

        <asp:LinkButton ID="lnkRemove" runat="server"

            CommandArgument = '<%# Eval("CustomerID")%>'

         OnClientClick = "return confirm('Do you want to delete?')"

        Text = "Delete" OnClick = "DeleteCustomer">asp:LinkButton>

    ItemTemplate>

    <FooterTemplate>

        <asp:Button ID="btnAdd" runat="server" Text="Add"

            OnClick = "AddNewCustomer" />

    FooterTemplate>

asp:TemplateField>

<asp:CommandField  ShowEditButton="True" />

Columns>

<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="#C2D69B"  />

asp:GridView>

ContentTemplate>

<Triggers>

<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID = "GridView1" />

Triggers>

asp:UpdatePanel>

div>

The GridView has 3 data columns

1. Customer ID

2. Contact Name

3. Company Name

I have added a LinkButton in 4^th column which will act as custom column for delete functionality. The reason to use a custom button is to provide the JavaScript confirmation box to the user when he clicks Delete. For Edit and Update I have added a command field which will act as the 5^th column.

There’s also a Footer Row with 3 TextBoxes which will be used to add new records to the database and an Add button which will be used to add the records.

I have enabled pagination and finally wrapped the complete Grid in update panel and the update panel in a div dvGrid and the reason to that I’ll explain later in the article

Binding the GridView

Below is the code to bind the GridView in the page load event of the page

C#

private String strConnString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["conString"].ConnectionString;

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

    if (!IsPostBack)

    {

        BindData();

    }

}

private void BindData()

{

    string strQuery = "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName" +

                       " from customers";

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strQuery);

    GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd);

    GridView1.DataBind();

}

VB.Net

Private strConnString As String = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("conString").ConnectionString

Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles Me.Load

   If Not IsPostBack Then

         BindData()

   End If

End Sub

Private Sub BindData()

  Dim strQuery As String = "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName" & _

                                " from customers"

  Dim cmd As New SqlCommand(strQuery)

  GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd)

  GridView1.DataBind()

End Sub

Below is the screenshot of the GridView being populated using the above code

Adding new record

As discussed above I have placed 3 textboxes and a button in the Footer Row of the ASP.Net GridView control in order to add new record to the database. On the onclick event if the button the records are inserted into the SQL Server Database and the GridView is updated

C#

protected void AddNewCustomer(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

  string CustomerID=((TextBox)GridView1.FooterRow.FindControl("txtCustomerID")).Text;

  string Name = ((TextBox)GridView1.FooterRow.FindControl("txtContactName")).Text;

  string Company = ((TextBox)GridView1.FooterRow.FindControl("txtCompany")).Text;

  SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strConnString);

  SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

  cmd.CommandText = "insert into customers(CustomerID, ContactName, CompanyName) " +

  "values(@CustomerID, @ContactName, @CompanyName);" +

  "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers";

  cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = CustomerID;

  cmd.Parameters.Add("@ContactName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Name;

  cmd.Parameters.Add("@CompanyName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Company;

  GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd);

  GridView1.DataBind();

}

VB.Net

Protected Sub AddNewCustomer(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)

   Dim CustomerID As String = DirectCast(GridView1.FooterRow _

                .FindControl("txtCustomerID"), TextBox).Text

   Dim Name As String = DirectCast(GridView1 _

                .FooterRow.FindControl("txtContactName"), TextBox).Text

   Dim Company As String = DirectCast(GridView1 _

                .FooterRow.FindControl("txtCompany"), TextBox).Text

   Dim con As New SqlConnection(strConnString)

   Dim cmd As New SqlCommand()

   cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text

   cmd.CommandText = "insert into customers(CustomerID, ContactName, " & _

        "CompanyName) values(@CustomerID, @ContactName, @CompanyName);" & _

        "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers"

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = CustomerID

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@ContactName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Name

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@CompanyName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Company

   GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd)

   GridView1.DataBind()

End Sub

You will notice I am firing two queries one to insert the data and second to select the updated data and then rebind the GridView. The figure below displays how new records are added.

Edit and Update existing records

As described above I have used command field in order to provide the Edit functionality. Below is the code snippet which is used to edit and update the records

C#

protected void EditCustomer(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)

{

    GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;

    BindData();

}

protected void CancelEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e)

{

    GridView1.EditIndex = -1;

    BindData();

}

protected void UpdateCustomer(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)

{

    string CustomerID = ((Label)GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex]

                        .FindControl("lblCustomerID")).Text;

    string Name = ((TextBox)GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex]

                        .FindControl("txtContactName")).Text;

    string Company = ((TextBox)GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex]

                        .FindControl("txtCompany")).Text;

    SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strConnString);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    cmd.CommandText = "update customers set ContactName=@ContactName," +

     "CompanyName=@CompanyName where CustomerID=@CustomerID;" +

     "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers";

    cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = CustomerID;

    cmd.Parameters.Add("@ContactName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Name;

    cmd.Parameters.Add("@CompanyName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Company;

    GridView1.EditIndex = -1;

    GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd);

    GridView1.DataBind();

}

           

VB.Net

Protected Sub EditCustomer(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewEditEventArgs)

   GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex

   BindData()

End Sub

Protected Sub CancelEdit(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewCancelEditEventArgs)

   GridView1.EditIndex = -1

   BindData()

End Sub

Protected Sub UpdateCustomer(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewUpdateEventArgs)

   Dim CustomerID As String = DirectCast(GridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex) _

                                .FindControl("lblCustomerID"), Label).Text

   Dim Name As String = DirectCast(GridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex) _

                                .FindControl("txtContactName"), TextBox).Text

   Dim Company As String = DirectCast(GridView1.Rows(e.RowIndex) _

                                .FindControl("txtCompany"), TextBox).Text

   Dim con As New SqlConnection(strConnString)

   Dim cmd As New SqlCommand()

   cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text

   cmd.CommandText = "update customers set ContactName=@ContactName," _

   & "CompanyName=@CompanyName where CustomerID=@CustomerID;" _

   & "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers"

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = CustomerID

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@ContactName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Name

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@CompanyName", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = Company

   GridView1.EditIndex = -1

   GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd)

   GridView1.DataBind()

End Sub

You can view above I am simply getting the data from the textboxes in the Footer Row and then firing an update query along with the select query so that the ASP.Net GridView control is also updated. The figure below displays the Edit and Update functionality.

Deleting existing record with Confirmation

As said above I am using custom delete button instead of ASP.Net GridView delete command field and the main reason for that is to add a confirmation.

      

C#

protected void DeleteCustomer(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

    LinkButton lnkRemove = (LinkButton)sender;

    SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strConnString);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    cmd.CommandText = "delete from  customers where " +

    "CustomerID=@CustomerID;" +

     "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers";

    cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value

        = lnkRemove.CommandArgument;

    GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd);

    GridView1.DataBind();

}

VB.Net

Protected Sub DeleteCustomer(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)

   Dim lnkRemove As LinkButton = DirectCast(sender, LinkButton)

   Dim con As New SqlConnection(strConnString)

   Dim cmd As New SqlCommand()

   cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text

   cmd.CommandText = "delete from customers where " & _

   "CustomerID=@CustomerID;" & _

   "select CustomerID,ContactName,CompanyName from customers"

   cmd.Parameters.Add("@CustomerID", SqlDbType.VarChar).Value _

       = lnkRemove.CommandArgument

   GridView1.DataSource = GetData(cmd)

   GridView1.DataBind()

End Sub

Based on the sender argument I am getting the reference of the LinkButton that is clicked and with the CommandArgument of the LinkButton I am getting the ID of the record to be deleted. After the delete query I am firing a select query and the rebinding the GridView.

Pagination

For pagination I have added the OnPageIndexChanging event on which I am assigning the new page index to the ASP.Net GridView control and then rebinding the data.

      

C#

protected void OnPaging(object sender, GridViewPageEventArgs e)

{

    BindData();

    GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex;

    GridView1.DataBind();

}

VB.Net

Protected Sub OnPaging(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewPageEventArgs)

   BindData()

   GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex

   GridView1.DataBind()

End Sub

ASP.Net AJAX and JQuery

As you have seen in the start I had added an Update Panel and a DIV along with ASP.Net GridView Control.

Basically the Update Panel will give the asynchronous calls thus not reloading the complete page and the JQuery will block the UI until the update panel is refreshed completely. But instead of blocking the complete page I am blocking only the contents of the DIV dvGrid. To achieve this I am using the JQuery BlockUI Plugin

<script type = "text/javascript" src = "scripts/jquery-1.3.2.min.js">script>

<script type = "text/javascript" src = "scripts/jquery.blockUI.js">script>

<script type = "text/javascript">

    function BlockUI(elementID) {

    var prm = Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance();

    prm.add_beginRequest(function() {

    $("#" + elementID).block({ message: '<img src="images/loadingAnim.gif" />'

     ,css: {},

     overlayCSS: {backgroundColor:'#000000',opacity: 0.6, border:'3px solid #63B2EB'

    }

    });

    });

    prm.add_endRequest(function() {

        $("#" + elementID).unblock();

    });

    }

    $(document).ready(function() {

            BlockUI("dvGrid");

            $.blockUI.defaults.css = {};           

    });

script>

That’s all the scripting required and the following is achieved with the above scripts. It will block the Grid until the update panel finishes its work. Refer the figure below